Abstract: Objective To provide anatomic evidences for appropriate selection of the endoscopic surgical approaches to manage the lesions of the pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa via dissection of these areas and comparison of the exposure ranges. Methods Eight sides of four cadaveric heads were dissected under 0° endoscope. Transnasal transmaxillary (TTM) approach, extended transnasal transmaxillary (ETTM) approach, nasal lateral wall dissection (NLWD) approach, and extranasal maxillary sinus (EMS) approach were used and their exposure ranges were evaluated. Results The TTM approach offered a good view on the superior part of the pterygopalatine fossa and deep part of the medial area of the infratemporal fossa. The ETTM approach provided a good view on above mentioned anatomic structures with additional exposure of the inferior part of the pterygopalatine fossa. The NLWD approach not only provided an excellent view on the regions as the same as the EITT approach, but also provided a good view on the whole maxillary sinus and medial and lateral areas of the infratemporal fossa above the plane of the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus. EMS approach could further expose the whole infratemporal fossa. Conclusion The exposure of the pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa varied with different endoscopic approaches. Therefore, the endoscopic surgical approaches should be tailored to different lesions of pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa, both to optimize the exposure and removal of the lesion and to minimize the traumatism of the anatomic structures.