Abstract:Objective To compare the hearing improvement in canal wall down tympanoplasty with autologous bone or titanium prostheses. Methods The data of 21 cases underwent canal wall down tympanoplasty since October 2007 to May 2010 was retrospectively analysed. The patients were divided into 2 groups: autologous bone group and titanium prostheses group. The average postoperative airbone gaps (ABG) of four frequencies: 0.5,1, 2, 4 kHz were measured. Results There was no significant hearing improvement in autologous bone group. The postoperative ABG in titanium prostheses group significantly reduced by 27.57.25 dB. Conclusions The hearing improvement in canal wall down tympanoplasty with titanium prostheses was better than with autologous bone.