Objective To evaluate the efficacy and immunological changes in children with allergic rhinitis who received subcutaneous immunotherapy with Dermatophagoides pteronyssius. 60 children with allergic rhinitis to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus were randomly allocated to receive either specific immunotherapy (n=31) or medical treatment (n=29) . Symptom and medication scores were assessed for evaluating the clinical efficacy in the baseline and after two years treatment. Total IgE, Der pspecific IgE, and specific IL10 were measured. Symptom score in immunotherapy group of children (4±0.50) and drug group (0.35±0.04) were significantly reduced compared with before treatment. After 1 year of therapy, and the difference was statistically significant (Z values were -4.65, -4.43, respectively, P<0.01). And compared to the drug treatment group (7±0.50、0.72±0.05) the immunotherapy group has the statistically significant difference (U value were 155.00 and 139.50, respectively, P<0.01). There were no differences in levels of sernm total lgE, mitespecific LgE level were significantly decreased. but the level of serum specific IL10 increased significantly (U=5.00, P<0.01). There is still no definite immunological treatment of reference in sublingual immunotherapy. Children with allergic rhinitis who accept sublingual immunotherapy, were carefully recorded and analyzed (followed up for 1 year). Symptom score , medication score and serological antibody detection were assessed to evaluate the clinical efficacy in the baseline and after one year treatment. There is still no definite immunological treatment of reference in sublingual immunotherapy. Immunotherapy with standardized extract is efficacious to treat children sensitive to Der P. Elevation of allergenspecific IL-10 is significant immunological marker to predict efficacy of immunotherapy.