ObjectiveTo discuss the main reasons for voice disorders and lesions, and provide evidence for voice health and early intervention of voice diseases in children via investigation and analysis onhoarseness in children.Methods1285 children with chief complaint of hoarseness from Jan 2010 and July 2014were enrolled in this survey. They came from 15 communities, attended our voice clinic and were give indirect laryngoscopy. 235 with incomplete exposure of glottis and 351 with poor cooperation received transnasal electronic laryngofiberscopy under topical anesthesia. Their pathogenic and voice characteristics were analyzed.ResultsBenign proliferative lesions of vocal cords, accounting for 66.61% of the 1285 cases, were the most common causes of hoarseness in children. These lesions included vocal nodules, laryngitis and vocalpolyp resulting from excessive usage of voice.ConclusionTo actively carry forward community voice healthcare and strengthen monitoring ofhighrisk groups are essential for prevention of voice disorders in children.