ObjectiveTo study the relationship between interleukin level and nasal polyp recurrence in patients with allergic rhinitis and nasal polyps, and to further clarify its pathogenesis, so as to provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment.MethodsSixty patients of nasal polyp patients with allergic rhinitisin were selected as the study subjects, which were treated with nasal endoscopic surgery in the department of otolaryngology of the second people's hospital of chengdu. According to the postoperative recurrence of nasal polyps, patients were divided into without relapse group (group A) 20 cases and with recurrence group(group B)20 cases. In addition, 20 patients with deviated nasal septum accompanied by hypertrophy of inferior turbinate were set as the control group. Preoperative and postoperative 1 week each patient needs extracting fasting venous blood detection of interleukin 8 (interleukin8, IL8), interleukin16 (interleukin16, IL16) and interleukin17 (interleukin17, IL17). In nasal polypectomy, the front tissues of the polyp were preserved. The IL8, IL16 and IL17 expressions of the inferior turbinate mucosa tissues taken intraoperatively in the control group were detected by immunohistochemical method (SP). Pearson multiple linear analysis was performed to determine the correlation between IL8, IL16 and IL17 levels and recurrence of nasal polyps with allergic rhinitis.ResultsThe IL  8, IL  16 and IL17 levels of preoperative serum of group A and B were higher than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). The IL8, IL16 and IL17 levels of postoperative serum of group A and B were significantly reduced,which were compared with those of the preoperation, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). The positive rates of IL8, IL16 and IL17 expressions were 60.0%, 75.0% and 80.0% respectively in group B tissues, which were significantly higher than that of 45.0%, 50.0% and 60.0% in group A tissues, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). The moderatestrong positive rates of IL8, IL16 and IL17 expressions in the nasal polyp tissues of group A and B were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). The expressions of IL8, IL16 and IL17 were positively correlated with the occurrence of nasal polyps with allergic rhinitis (r=0.716, 0.917,0.903;P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000); There was a positive correlation with the recurrence of nasal polyps（r=0.527、0.763、0.842；P=0.014，0.000，0.000).ConclusionThe interleukin levels of serum and the interleukin expressions of nasal polyps tissues were significantly increased, and high interleukin expressions of nasal polyps tissues was positively correlated with recurrence of nasal polyps. The data suggested that effective measures should be taken to eliminate local inflammation and reduce the recurrence rate of nasal polyp.