ObjectiveTo observe and analyze the clinical features and treatment strategies of grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ myelosuppression after induction chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and 5fluorouracil (TPF) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).MethodsA total of 186 initiallydiagnosed NPC patients received TPF induction chemotherapy in our hospital from 2016 to 2019 were collected. Grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ myelosuppression and its variation rule was analyzed retrospectively for early detection and treatment of myelosuppression after chemotherapy.ResultsOf all the 186 patients, myelosuppression occurred in 31. Leukocyte suppression of grade Ⅲ～Ⅳappeared in 6 to 13 d after chemotherapy with an average of 8.7. The neutrophil suppression occurred 1 to 2 d later, in 7 to 14 d after chemotherapy with an average of 10, and fluctuated in “U” shape which was similar to that of leukocyte.ConclusionThe myelosuppression of TPF induction chemotherapy is manifested as leukopenia accompanied by neutropenia with a “U”shaped fluctuation pattern. Early detection and treatment of myelosuppression according to the fluctuation rule can avoid infection and serious side effects, therefore facilitate successful performance of TPF induction chemotherapy and radical radiotherapy in NPC patients.