ObjectiveWith continuous development of voice medicine, there has been increasing attention to laryngeal nerve injury. However, its diagnosis and treatment are not standardized and mainly dependent on personal experiences. There are many potential causes for laryngeal nerve injury. Clinical symptoms, signs, and outcomes of different types of laryngeal nerve injury are also different. For some specific types of laryngeal nerve injury, especially recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, the existing treatments all have their own superiorities and limitations, and there are no commonly accepted firstline treatment regimens. This paper summarizes the causes, classification, diagnosis, and treatment of laryngeal nerve injury, in order to provide references for the diagnosis and treatment options.