The etiologies and clinical manifestations of vocal fold movement disorders are complex and varied, involving multiple disciplines. The etiologies are mainly divided into neurogenic and nonneurogenic. Firstly, laryngoscope and other examinations are used to determine the existence of vocal fold dyskinesia and its severity. It should be noted that the disorder of vocal fold longitudinal tension also belongs to the category of dyskinesia. Then the laryngeal electromyography is used for qualitative analysis. After the diagnosis of neurogenic injury is confirmed, the location of the nerve injury is further diagnosed, and the cause of the nerve injury could be found. Simultaneously, the prognosis could be determined according to the result of laryngeal nerve electrophysiological assessment. Finally, the above evaluation results are synthesized to formulate corresponding treatment strategies.