Objective To explore the relationship between morphological parameters of middle turbinate and chronic maxillary sinusitis (CMS). Methods A retrospective study was performed on computerized tomographic (CT) data from 90 cases of bilateral CMS (CMS group) and 60 normal adults (control group). The length and degree of curling of middle turbinate were measured on the level of maxillary sinus orifice, and their differences between the two groups were compared. Lund-Mackay score was used to evaluate the severity of the disease in CMS group, and the correlation between the Lund-Mackay score and the measurement parameters was analyzed. The main factors affecting the severity of CMS were explored through multivariate linear regression analysis, and SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results ①The lengths of middle turbinate in the control group and the CMS group were 9.94 (8.45, 12.77) mm and 8.97 (7.05, 11.69) mm, respectively. The length of middle turbinate in the normal group was larger than that in the CMS group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The degrees of curling of middle turbinate in the control group and the CMS group were 5.47 (3.82, 7.29) mm and 5.22 (3.11, 6.84) mm respectively, and the difference was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). ②In the CMS group, the length and degree of curling of middle turbinate were negatively correlated with the Lund-Mackay score respectively (r=-0.186,P<0.05; r=-0.250,P<0.01). ③Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the degree of curling of middle turbinate was the main factor affecting the Lund-Mackay score (P<0.05). Conclusions The length of middle turbinate is negatively correlated with the occurrence and severity of CMS. There is no significant correlation between the degree of curling and the occurrence of CMS, but patients with lower degree of curling of middle turbinate may have more serious CMS.