Objective To analyze the characteristics of onset season, population distribution, semicircular canal involvement and onset time of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) in patients from department of neurology, so as to provide more evidences and strategies for its prevention and treatment. Methods A total of 671 patients with BPPV were enrolled in the Department of Neurology of Xiangtan Central Hospital from Jan 2018 to Dec 2018. Of them, 202 were inpatients and 469 were outpatients. Results BPPV could occur throughout the year with the highest incidence in March (11.3%) and the lowest in Oct (6.0%). Female patients accounted for 69.7%, the patients with age range of 51~70 years old accounted for 55.6%, and those with posterior semicircular canal BPPV accounted for 70.7%. The right semicircular canal was more easily involved than the left semicircular canal. The analysis of 68 inpatients with clearly recorded onset time showed that patients with onset at night and in the morning accounted for 85.3%. Conclusion The incidence of BPPV has seasonal variation, and the peak age of onset is between 51 and 70 years old. Women, right semicircular canal, posterior semicircular canal are more likely to be involved. Patients are more likely to get sick at night and in the morning.