The plateau environment is characterized by low temperature and low oxygen. With the deepening of China's Western Region Development Strategy, many workers need to quickly move from low-altitude areas to high-altitude areas. For these people, multiple organs function is reduced by physiological changes because of low temperature and hypoxia, which induce the damage of multi-organ functions such as heart, brain and kidneys. And the cochlea and auditory center are extremely sensitive to hypoxia, which can lead to cochlear microcirculation disorders and hearing loss. And hearing loss will lead to the decline of working ability. Therefore, we have to pay attention to the impact of altitude working environment on hearing. This paper preliminarily discusses this issue through literature review.