Abstract:Abstract: Objective To investigate the surgical effects of Endoscopic and Microscopic type I tympanoplasty, and to conduct clinical follow-up analysis. Methods The study subjects included 122 patients(122ears) with chronic suppurative otitis media in our department from January 2017 to October 2020. 62 patients in the Endoscopic type I tympanoplasty(ETT) group and 60 patients in the Microscopic type I tympanoplasty (MTT) group. The postoperative follow-up period was at least 6 months, and the intraoperative bleeding, Chorda tympani nerve injury rate, operation time, postoperative discharge time, total hospitalization expenses , graft success rate,average air conduction hearing threshold(PTA), air-bone gap(ABG) pre and post-operatively and The visual analogue score(VAS) 42h postoperatively were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the microscope group,the ETT group had the advantages of less intraoperative blood loss, shorter operation time, light postoperative pain response, and short discharge time, and less total hospitalization expenses (P<0.05) . The graft success rates in the ETT and MTT groups were 93.5% and 90%. Intraoperative Chorda tympani nerve injury rates were 6.5% and 8.3%, respectively. The preoperative PTA of the two groups were (43.2±11.3) and (45.6±12.1) dB, The AGB is (19.8±8.6) and (21.3±9.4) dB, respectively. At 6 months after the operation, the PTA of the two groups decreased, which were (33.7±8.3) dB and (35.3±9.1) dB, respectively. The ABG reduction is (9.4±6.1) dB and (10.7±6.4) dB respectively. The difference between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with MTT, ETT significantly reduces postoperative pain, shortens operation time, hospital stay, and reduces total hospital expenses. The postoperative perforation repair, hearing improvement and complications are equivalent to traditional MTT surgery, and it is worthy of popularization in middle ear surgery.