Abstract: Objectives To discuss the clinical manifestations,histopathological features,diagnosis and treatment of ossifying fibroma(OF) of the mastoid process by by reporting a rare case and reviewing the relevant literature,so as to improve the understanding of this disease and reduce missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Methods This report reports a case of a female patient with OF of the mastoid process who was admitted to hospital on August 24, 2020. Clinical and imaging examinations were performed, and the mastoid tumor was removed under general anesthesia. Postoperative follow-up was 12 months. Results The histopathology confirmed OF. No recurrence occurred during the follow-up for 12 months.?Conclusion OF is rare to occur in the mastoid of temporal bone, There is no obvious clinical manifestations in the early stage of the disease. This paper emphasizes that in ossifying fibroma: imaging and histopathological analysis is the main basis of diagnosis and classification, Surgical resection is a preferred selection when the patient develops clinical manifestations, and the specific treatment method of OF should be flexibly selected according to the tumor size, limitations, degree of invasion, involvement of surrounding structures, clinical manifestations, prognosis and tolerance of patients.