Objective To study the relationship between the times of canalith repositioning procedures (CRPs), caloric test (C-test), residual dizziness (RD) after CRPs and the recurrence rate in idiopathic horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (HSC-BPPV).Methods Eighty-four HSC-BPPV patients with successful CRPs of Barbecue maneuver in outpatient department from Jan 2016 to Jan 2018 were enrolled. According to the times of CRPs, they were divided into two groups: group A (<3 times) and group B (≥3 times). According to whether the patients had RD, they were divided into another two groups: group C (without RD) and group D (with RD). All patients underwent C-test.Results There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between group A (20.9%) and group B (26.8%). The difference between group C (11.8%) and group D (32.0%) in recurrence rate was of statistical significance (P=0.033). Patients with RD after CRPs had high rate of abnormal C-test, and those with RD complicated with abnormal C-test had the highest recurrence rate (66.7%). The recurrence rate was the lowest in patients without RD after CRPs < 3 times (6.3%).Conclusions The recurrence rate of HSC-BPPV is not related to the times of CRPs. A strong correlation between RD and abnormal C-test is noted. RD after CRPs with abnormal C-test indicates increased recurrence rate in patients with HSC-BPPV.