ObjectiveTo analyze the distribution of common allergens in children with allergic rhinitis (AR) in Xinjiang so as to provide reference for the diagnosis, treatment and epidemiological research of children AR in this area.MethodsA total of 566 AR children with typical AR symptoms and signs who were treated in our hospital from Jan 2017 to June 2021 were included in the study. The distribution of serum allergens, time of visit, different age groups and genders were analyzed.ResultsOf all the cases, 425 (75.1%) were positive for at least one allergen, and inhaled allergen was the main sensitizing factor. September and April were the months with the highest incidence of AR. Mugwort, house dust mites, dust mites, willow, house dust were the five most common inhaled allergens. Milk, wheat flour, eggs, peanuts, beef were the main 5 ingestible allergens. There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of mugwort, willow, dolphin and milk in different age groups (P < 0.05). There were differences in the positive rates of some allergens in children of different genders. The positive rate of house dust was significantly higher in males than in females, while the positive rate of mutton in females was higher than that in males (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe most allergens in children with AR in Xinjiang are inhaled allergens. The allergens are distributed in different seasons, and there are some differences in allergens in different age groups and different genders.