Objective: To investigate the expression of SHCBP1 gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines, and its effect on the proliferation, invasion ability and EMT process of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines. Methods: The expression of SHCBP1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) was analyzed by TCGA database, and the relationship between the expression of SHCBP1 and the degree of tumor immune cell infiltration was analyzed. The clinical tissue samples of 31 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosed by pathology in the affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University and the affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from September 2019 to September 2021 were collected. At the same time, 31 cases of chronic nasopharyngitis were collected as the control group. The expression of SHCBP1 in clinical samples and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line 5-8F was detected by reverse transcriptase real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). In the cell experiment, nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line 5-8F and normal nasopharyngeal immortalized epithelial cell line NP69 were used as the subjects. SHCBP1 expression in 5-8F cells was silenced by lentiviral vector shRNA-SHCBP1 interference technique and divided into NC group (empty viral vector infected with 5-8F) and SHCBP1-shRNA group (silencing SHCBP1 expression in 5-8F cells). The effect of SHCBP1 on the proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells was detected by CCK-8 assay and clone formation assay, and the effect of SHCBP1 on the metastasis and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells was detected by scratch test, Transwell migration and invasion test. Western Blot was used to detect the expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, MMP9 and Vimentin in NC group and SHCBP1-shRNA group. Results: SHCBP1 was highly expressed in HNSC, and the expression was related to the degree of Th2 cell infiltration. Compared with chronic nasopharyngitis, the expression of SHCBP1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma was significantly higher (P<0.05). The proliferation, migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in SHCBP1-shRNA group were significantly lower than those in NC group (P< 0.05). The expression of E-cadherin in SHCBP1-shRNA group was higher than that in NC group, while the expression of N-cadherin, MMP9 and Vimentin was lower than that in NC group.Conclusion: SHCBP1 is highly expressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and can promote the proliferation, invasion, migration and activation of EMT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.