Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) is a new type of non-B, non-T lymphocytes that can produce a large number of proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines to deal with local damage, inflammation, pathogen infection or tumor. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ)belongs to one of the ligand-activated transcription factors of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. After binding with the corresponding ligand, it regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, etc., thus playing an important role in inflammatory response. PPARγ is widely distributed in human nasal mucosa and nasal polyps mucosa. The function of ILC2s is affected by the action of suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and energy metabolism of ILC2s. This article reviewed the relationship between PPARγ and ILC2s, and their expression and interaction in chronic airway inflammation and Chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS), so as to provide new ideas for the pathogenesis and treatment of chronic airway inflammatory diseases and CRS.