Type 2 inflammation is mainly mediated by Th2 (T helper 2 cells, Th2), type 2 inherent lymphoid cells (ILC2) and related cytokines such as interleukin(IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-31, etc. Type 2 inflammation brings a heavy burden to people’s work and life, and it is urgent to find effective treatment methods. Studies have shown that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is closely related to the occurrence and development of type 2 inflammation. VIP is a widely distributed neuropeptide that plays an important role in the neuro-immune axis. The chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 (CRTH2) is one of the receptors of VIP, which is abnormally elevated in type 2 inflammatory diseases. It mainly activates Th2 and ILC2 cells and induces eosinophils to secrete Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), which further promotes the secretion of Th2 cytokines and enhances the differentiation of Th2 cells to participate in type 2 inflammatory. The paper reviews the research progress on the mechanism of action and treatment of VIP and its receptor CRTH2 in type 2 inflammatory diseases. It is hoped to provide new theoretical basis and ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of the related disease.