Objective: To investigate the expression of protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) and Ras-associated protein B2 (RAP2B) in laryngeal cancer tissue and their correlation with clinical pathological features and prognosis. Methods: A total of 160 patients with laryngeal cancer confirmed by pathological tissue biopsy in our hospital from May 2018 to April 2021 were regarded as the observation objects. Laryngeal cancer tissue and corresponding adjacent tissues (>5mm away from the cancer tissue) were collected. Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the expression of PRMT1 and RAP2B in specimens and their relationship with clinical pathological features was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier curve was plotted to analyze the impacts of PRMT1 and RAP2B expression on the prognosis and survival rate of laryngeal cancer patients. Cox regression was applied to analyze the risk factors affecting mortality in laryngeal cancer patients. Results: The positive expression rates of PRMT1 and RAP2B in laryngeal cancer tissue were greatly higher than those in adjacent tissues (P<0.05), and their expression was related to clinical stage and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), the expression of PRMT1 was also related to the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (P<0.05). The 3-year survival rate of PRMT1 positive expression patients was greatly lower than that of negative expression patients (65.22% vs 91.18%, P<0.001), and the 3-year survival rate of RAP2B positive expression patients was greatly lower than that of negative expression patients (62.79% vs 91.89%, P<0.001). Positive expression of PRMT1 and RAP2B, TNM staging stages III-IV, and lymph node metastasis were independent risk factors for mortality in laryngeal cancer patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: In the tissues of laryngeal cancer patients, the positive expression rates of PRMT1 and RAP2B are relatively high, and their expression is closely related to the clinical pathological features and prognosis of laryngeal cancer patients.