It is unknown for the etiology of idiopathic sudden deafness (i.e. idiopathic sudden sensorineural deafness, hereinafter referred to as “sudden deafness” for short). The possible causes include viral infection, vascular, immune, metabolic and genetic factors. Although the etiology of sudden deafness is investigated continuously, there is still no definite conclusion. Previous studies were mostly based on the relatively micro-examination levels of individual clinical reports. With the electronization and integration of patient data,the analysis technology of big data has also greatly assisted disease-related scientific research. Benefitting from the technology, relevant studies published in English have increasingly focused on the correlation between sudden deafness and other diseases based on population databases on the macro level. The study is helpful to summarize and investigate the causes of sudden deafness from multiple levels and multiple aspects. However, the results are still inconsistent. And there is no relevant review, which is not conducive to the read directly. Therefore, this paper mainly reviews the literature on the relationship between sudden deafness and cardiovascular system and psycho-nervous system diseases from the perspective of big data.